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CECIL
TEXT BOOK of MEDICINE

Section XIII Diseases of the Liver, Gallbladder, and Bile Ducts


159 DISEASES OF THE GALLBLADDER AND BILE DUCTS
   Nezam H. Afdhal •


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REFERENCES

  1. Lindor KD: Ursodiol for primary sclerosing cholangitis. Mayo Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis–Ursodeoxycholic Acid Study group. N Engl J Med 1997;336:691–695.
  2. Goulis J, Leandro G, Burroughs AK: Randomised controlled trials of ursodeoxycholic-acid therapy for primary biliary cirrhosis: A meta-analysis. Lancet 354:1053, 1999
  3. Lo C, Liu C, Lai E, et al: Early versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for treatment of acute cholecystitis. Ann Surg 1996;223:37–42.
  4. Boerma D, Rauws EA, Keulemans YC, et al: Wait-and-see policy or laparoscopic cholecystectomy after endoscopic sphincterotomy for bile-duct stones: A randomised trial. Lancet 2002;360:761–765.
  5. Shiffman ML, Kaplan GD, Brinkman-Kaplan V, et al: Prevention of gallstone formation with ursodeoxycholic acid in patients par ticipating in a very low calorie diet program. Ann Intern Med 1995;122:899–905.

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